Key rules
Russia
For those who got a VNZh or citizenship after 1 April 2024, a foreign licence is usually valid for one year from the day they got the status, and after that a Russian licence is needed. To work as a hired driver you need a Russian licence, except for countries where Russian is an official language (for example, Kyrgyzstan). Belarusian licences are valid without exchange.
Sources: State Traffic Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia («Госавтоинспекция МВД России»), Gosuslugi, the government services portal («Госуслуги»)