In Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus
Russia
When a flat or house is sold, a handover certificate is mandatory (Art. 556 of the Civil Code). For a flat rental, a car purchase or acceptance of work the law does not always require it, but the certificate is what later proves the condition in which the thing was handed over. It is signed in two copies, one for each side.
Kazakhstan
In Kazakhstan, a handover and acceptance certificate is likewise signed when housing is sold or rented, work is accepted or goods are delivered; for the sale of real estate, handover by certificate is provided for by the Civil Code of Kazakhstan.
Belarus
In Belarus, a handover certificate (акт приёма-передачи) is also drawn up when real estate is sold and housing is rented; it records the condition of the property and anything handed over together with it.
Sources: Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 556 («Гражданский кодекс РФ»), ConsultantPlus