Tvoy Raschet

Shared ownership: what it is

When a flat or house belongs to several people and each has their own share, such as 1/2 or 1/3. A share is part of the whole home, not a specific room.

In Russian: Долевая собственность·Dolevaya sobstvennost

Housing and utilities Checked by the editorial team Checked: September 2026
Document templateFlat sale and purchase agreement

In Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus

Russia

The rules are in Arts. 244–252 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. You can sell your share to an outsider only after first offering it in writing to the other owners; deals with shares, as a rule, are certified by a notary. Each owner must pay for housing and utilities in proportion to their share — the personal accounts can be split.

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan has a similar institution of common shared ownership under the Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, with co-owners having a pre-emptive right to buy a share.

Belarus

In Belarus, there is common shared ownership under the Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus; the other owners also have a pre-emptive right to buy a share.

Sources: Civil Code of the Russian Federation («Гражданский кодекс РФ»), Chapter 16 (ConsultantPlus)

This information is for reference only and does not constitute financial, tax or legal advice. Prepared by our editorial team, last checked: September 2026. Found an error? Write to us.

Related terms

Extract from the property register (EGRN)A document from the state real estate register: who owns a flat or plot of land, its area and cadastral value, and whether there is a mortgage, an arrest or other restrictions.NotarizationA notary confirms that a document, signature or copy is genuine and drawn up lawfully. Notarial form is mandatory for some deals, such as selling a share in a flat, and gives a document extra legal weight.Personal account (utilities account number)The account number of an apartment or house with the management company or utility supplier. Charges, payments and debts are recorded under it; you give it when paying and submitting meter readings.Property tax deductionA tax deduction on buying a home (up to 2 million ₽ of costs), on mortgage interest (up to 3 million ₽) and on selling property. It lets you get back NDFL you paid, or avoid tax on a sale.Sale and purchase agreementAn agreement under which the seller transfers a thing into the buyer's ownership and the buyer pays for it. It is how you buy a flat, a car or any other property.

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